syui
980e9c1259
- Remove public from git submodule tracking - Add all public directory contents as regular files - Fixes GitHub Actions error: "No url found for submodule path 'public' in .gitmodules" 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
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hello world! bluesky
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bluesky
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rust
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seahorse
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<!-- Title -->
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<h1>
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<i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i>
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<a href=".." >seahorse</a>
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</h1>
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</div>
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<section class="normal markdown-section">
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<h3 id="seahorse">seahorse</h3>
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<p>次に<a href="https://github.com/ksk001100/seahorse" target="_blank">ksk001100/seahorse</a>というframework(フレームワーク)を導入します。</p>
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<p>このフレームワークはcli(command line interface)を書くためのものです。</p>
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<p>cliは、簡単に言うと、これまで実行してきた<code>which</code>や<code>curl</code>と同じコマンドのことです。今から自分のコマンドを作成します。</p>
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<p>難しそうと思われる方がいるかもしれませんが、<code>seahorse</code>という素晴らしいframeworkを使えば簡単です。</p>
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<p>まずは<code>seahorse</code>をインストールするわけですが、rustでlibrary(ライブラリ)をインストールするには、<code>Cargo.toml</code>にpackage nameを書きます。これでbuildする際に自動でインストールされます。</p>
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<p>なお、libraryは<code>lib</code>と略されることがあります。</p>
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<div><p class="code-filename">Cargo.toml</p></div>
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<pre><code class="lang-toml"><span class="hljs-section">[package]</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr">name</span> = <span class="hljs-string">"rust"</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr">version</span> = <span class="hljs-string">"0.1.0"</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr">edition</span> = <span class="hljs-string">"2021"</span>
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<span class="hljs-section">
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[dependencies]</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr">seahorse</span> = <span class="hljs-string">"*"</span>
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</code></pre>
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<p>そして、<code>seahorse</code>を使う本体コードを書いていきます。</p>
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<div><p class="code-filename">src/main.rs</p></div>
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<pre><code class="lang-rust"><span class="hljs-keyword">use</span> seahorse::{App, Context};
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<span class="hljs-keyword">use</span> std::env;
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<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">fn</span> <span class="hljs-title">main</span></span>() {
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<span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> args: <span class="hljs-built_in">Vec</span><<span class="hljs-built_in">String</span>> = env::args().collect();
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<span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> app = App::new(<span class="hljs-built_in">env!</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"CARGO_PKG_NAME"</span>))
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.action(s)
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;
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app.run(args);
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}
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<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">fn</span> <span class="hljs-title">s</span></span>(_c: &Context) {
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<span class="hljs-built_in">println!</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Hello, world!"</span>);
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>内容はとてもシンプル。コマンドを実行すると<code>Hello, world!</code>が出力されます。</p>
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<pre><code class="lang-sh">$ cargo build
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$ ./target/debug/rust
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Hello, world!
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</code></pre>
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<p>今までと何が違うのかと言うと、例えば、<code>help</code>オプションが自動でついています。</p>
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<pre><code class="lang-sh">$ ./target/debug/rust -h
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Name:
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rust
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Flags:
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-h, --help : Show <span class="hljs-built_in">help</span>
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</code></pre>
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<p><code>seahorse</code>の凄さを理解してもらうため、読者自身に応用を考えてもらいましょう。</p>
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<div><p class="code-filename">src/main.rs</p></div>
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<pre><code class="lang-rust"><span class="hljs-keyword">use</span> seahorse::{App, Context, Command};
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<span class="hljs-keyword">use</span> std::env;
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<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">fn</span> <span class="hljs-title">main</span></span>() {
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<span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> args: <span class="hljs-built_in">Vec</span><<span class="hljs-built_in">String</span>> = env::args().collect();
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<span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> app = App::new(<span class="hljs-built_in">env!</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"CARGO_PKG_NAME"</span>))
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.action(s)
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.command(
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Command::new(<span class="hljs-string">"yes"</span>)
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.alias(<span class="hljs-string">"y"</span>)
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.action(y),
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)
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.command(
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Command::new(<span class="hljs-string">"no"</span>)
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.alias(<span class="hljs-string">"n"</span>)
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.action(n),
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)
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;
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app.run(args);
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}
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<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">fn</span> <span class="hljs-title">s</span></span>(_c: &Context) {
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<span class="hljs-built_in">println!</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Hello, world!"</span>);
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}
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<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">fn</span> <span class="hljs-title">y</span></span>(_c: &Context) {
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<span class="hljs-built_in">println!</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"yes"</span>);
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}
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<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">fn</span> <span class="hljs-title">n</span></span>(_c: &Context) {
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<span class="hljs-built_in">println!</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"no"</span>);
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>これを書いて、作成したコマンドを実行してみてください。</p>
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<pre><code class="lang-sh">$ ./target/debug/rust
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$ ./target/debug/rust y
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$ ./target/debug/rust n
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</code></pre>
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<p>コードの差分、要点は以下になります。</p>
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<p><pre><code class="lang-diff"> use seahorse::{App, Context
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<span class="hljs-addition">+ , Command</span>
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};
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<span class="hljs-addition">+ </span>
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.command(
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Command::new("yes")
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.alias("y")
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.action(y),
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)
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fn y(_c: &Context) {
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println!("yes");
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}
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</code></pre>
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</p>
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<p>これらの値を書き換えたり、追加したりして、自由にコマンドを作ってみてください。</p>
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<p>ここで、<code>Command::new</code>で指定した値はオプション名を意味します。</p>
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<p>この場合は<code>rust yes</code>がこのコマンドの発行です。</p>
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<p><code>alias("y")</code>で省略を指定することができます。この場合は<code>rust y</code>になります。</p>
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<p><code>action(y)</code>は関数の<code>fn y</code>を指定しており、その中身が実行されます。<code>action</code>にコマンド本体の処理を書くことになります。</p>
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<p>ちなみに、<code>action</code>は必ずしも関数を使う必要はありません。</p>
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<p>例えば、以下のコードを所定の場所に追加してみてください。コマンドは<code>rust t</code>または<code>rust t foo</code>です。</p>
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<div><p class="code-filename">src/main.rs</p></div>
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<pre><code class="lang-rust">.command(
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Command::new(<span class="hljs-string">"test"</span>)
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.alias(<span class="hljs-string">"t"</span>)
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.action(|c| <span class="hljs-built_in">println!</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Hello, {:?}"</span>, c.args)),
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)
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</code></pre>
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<pre><code class="lang-sh">$ ./target/debug/rust t bluesky
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Hello, [<span class="hljs-string">"bluesky"</span>]
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</code></pre>
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<h4 id="cli">cli</h4>
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<ul>
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<li>CLI</li>
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</ul>
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<p><code>cli</code>は様々な意味を持ちます。上記のようなcli toolのことを指すこともあれば、terminal操作全般を指すこともあります。</p>
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<h4 id="cuiとgui">cuiとgui</h4>
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<ul>
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<li>CUI, GUI</li>
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</ul>
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<p>cuiとguiというものがあります。今使っているのは<code>cui</code>です。</p>
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<p><code>cli</code>もほぼ同じような意味で使用されています。</p>
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<p>cuiはterminal操作を意味し、guiはグラフィカルなos上の操作を意味します。</p>
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<p>c-uiと分けられ、uiは単なるuiです。user interfaceの略。</p>
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<p>windowsやmacなど一般的なosは、すべてgui操作が基本です。</p>
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<h4 id="author">author</h4>
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<p><a href="https://github.com/ksk001100/seahorse" target="_blank">seahorse</a>の作者は<a href="https://twitter.com/ksk001100" target="_blank">ksk</a>さんです。</p>
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<p>素晴らしいframeworkを作ってくれてありがとう。</p>
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