2024-04-23 13:21:26 +00:00
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date = "2024-03-17"
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tags = ["vrm", "threejs"]
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title = "three-vrmでvrmaを読み込む"
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slug = "vrm"
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+++
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[three-vrm](https://github.com/pixiv/three-vrm)でvrmaを読み込むことができるようになりました。そこで今回は色々なtipsを紹介します。
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`three-vrm`は、私がよく3d-modelの読み込みに使っている`three.js`を`.vrm`に対応させたものです。three.jsは`.gltf(v2.0)`を読み込めますので、その拡張である`.vrm`を`.gltf`や`.glb`に変換して読み込めばいいのですが、色々と問題があります。そのため`three-vrm`を使ったほうが見栄えが良くなります。
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## three-vrm -> vrma
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使用するのは、`npm`, `webpack`, `ts`あたりです。
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nodeは`v18.14.1`です。場合によっては`nvm`を使用してください。
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```sh
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.
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├── dist
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│ ├── index.html
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│ ├── vrm/ai.vrm
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│ └── vrma/VRMA_01.vrma
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├── package.json
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├── src
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│ └── index.ts
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├── tsconfig.json
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└── webpack.config.js
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```
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`./dist/vrm/`, `./dist/vrma/`にファイルを置いてください。
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- vrm : [download](https://hub.vroid.com/characters/675572020956181239/models/7175071267176594918)
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- vrma : [download](https://vroid.booth.pm/items/5512385)
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後述しますが、`src/index.ts`の以下の部分で読み込みます。
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```js:src/index.ts
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load("/vrm/ai.vrm");
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load("/vrma/VRMA_01.vrma");
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```
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```json:package.json
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{
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"name": "model",
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"version": "1.0.0",
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"private": true,
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"scripts": {
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"build": "webpack",
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"dev": "webpack-dev-server --open"
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},
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"devDependencies": {
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"ts-loader": "^9.5.1",
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"typescript": "^5.4.2",
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"webpack": "^5.90.3",
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"webpack-cli": "^5.1.4",
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"webpack-dev-server": "^5.0.3"
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},
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"dependencies": {
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"@pixiv/three-vrm": "^2.1.1",
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"@pixiv/three-vrm-animation": "^2.1.1",
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"three": "^0.162.0"
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}
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}
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```
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```json:tsconfig.json
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{
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"compilerOptions": {
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"target": "es2016",
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"module": "commonjs",
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"skipLibCheck": true
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}
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}
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```
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```js:webpack.config.js
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const path = require('path');
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module.exports = {
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mode: 'development',
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entry: './src/index.ts',
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module: {
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rules: [
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{
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test: /\.ts$/,
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loader: 'ts-loader'
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}
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]
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},
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resolve: { extensions: ['.ts', '.js'] },
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output: {
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filename: 'main.js',
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path: path.join(__dirname, "dist")
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},
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devServer: {
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static: {
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directory: path.join(__dirname, "dist"),
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}
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}
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}
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```
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```sh
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$ npm i
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```
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```js:src/index.ts
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import * as THREE from "three"
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import { Vector3 } from "three";
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import { GLTFLoader } from "three/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader"
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import { OrbitControls } from 'three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls';
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import { VRMLoaderPlugin } from "@pixiv/three-vrm";
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import { createVRMAnimationClip, VRMAnimationLoaderPlugin } from "@pixiv/three-vrm-animation";
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window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => {
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const canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
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if (canvas == null) return;
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const scene = new THREE.Scene();
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const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(
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30, canvas.clientWidth/canvas.clientHeight, 0.1, 20);
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camera.position.set(0.0, 0, -4.0)
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camera.rotation.set(0.0, Math.PI, 0.0)
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camera.lookAt(new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, 0));
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const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer();
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renderer.setPixelRatio(window.devicePixelRatio);
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renderer.setSize(canvas.clientWidth, canvas.clientHeight);
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renderer.setClearColor(0x7fbfff, 1.0);
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canvas.appendChild(renderer.domElement);
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const light = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff, Math.PI);
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light.position.set(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
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scene.add(light);
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let currentVrm: any = undefined;
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let currentVrmAnimation: any = undefined;
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let currentMixer:any = undefined;
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function load(url: string) {
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loader.load(
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url,
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(gltf) => {
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tryInitVRM(gltf);
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tryInitVRMA(gltf);
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},
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(progress) => console.log(
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"Loading model...",
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100.0 * (progress.loaded / progress.total), "%"
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),
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(error) => console.error(error)
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);
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}
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function tryInitVRM(gltf: any) {
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const vrm = gltf.userData.vrm;
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if ( vrm == null ) {
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return;
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}
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currentVrm = vrm;
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scene.add(vrm.scene);
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initAnimationClip();
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}
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function tryInitVRMA(gltf: any) {
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const vrmAnimations = gltf.userData.vrmAnimations;
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if (vrmAnimations == null) {
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return;
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}
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currentVrmAnimation = vrmAnimations[0] ?? null;
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initAnimationClip();
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}
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function initAnimationClip() {
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if (currentVrm && currentVrmAnimation) {
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currentMixer = new THREE.AnimationMixer(currentVrm.scene);
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const clip = createVRMAnimationClip(currentVrmAnimation, currentVrm);
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currentMixer.clipAction(clip).play();
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}
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}
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const loader = new GLTFLoader();
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loader.register((parser) => {
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return new VRMLoaderPlugin(parser);
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});
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loader.register((parser) => {
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return new VRMAnimationLoaderPlugin(parser);
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});
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// ここで読み込む
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load("/vrm/ai.vrm");
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load("/vrma/VRMA_01.vrma");
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const clock = new THREE.Clock();
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clock.start();
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scene.background = new THREE.Color( 0x404040 );
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const directionalLight = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff);
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directionalLight.position.set(1, 1, 1);
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scene.add(directionalLight);
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const ambientLight = new THREE.AmbientLight(0x333333);
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scene.add(ambientLight);
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const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
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controls.enableDamping = true;
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controls.dampingFactor = 0.2;
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controls.enableRotate = true;
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controls.target.set( 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 );
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const update = () => {
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controls.update();
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requestAnimationFrame(update);
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const deltaTime = clock.getDelta();
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if (currentMixer) {
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currentMixer.update(deltaTime);
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}
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if (currentVrm) {
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currentVrm.update(deltaTime);
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}
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renderer.render(scene, camera);
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}
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update();
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})
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```
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```html:dist/index.html
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<html>
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<head>
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<script src="main.js"></script>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div id="canvas" style="width:100%;height:640px;"></div>
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</body>
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</html>
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```
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```sh
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$ npm run build
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$ npm run dev
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```
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<div class="vrm-model">
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<iframe src="https://vrm.syui.ai" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen scrolling="no"></iframe>
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</div>
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## random vrma
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例えば、random(ランダム)で`.vrma`を切り替えてみましょう。
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```js:src/index.ts
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//VRMA_01 全身を見せる
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//VRMA_02 挨拶
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//VRMA_03 Vサイン
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//VRMA_04 撃つ
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//VRMA_05 回る
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//VRMA_06 モデルポーズ
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//VRMA_07 屈伸運動
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setInterval(() => {
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load("./vrma/VRMA_0" + Math.floor(Math.random() * 7 + 1) + ".vrma");
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}, 10000);
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```
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自然に見せるには`idle`状態の`.vrma`を用意して`setInterval`をすれば良さそうですね。
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## make vrma
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bvhを作成してそれを`vrma`に変換することができます。基本的に`.vrma`は`.gltf`でいくつかの宣言を行うことで有効になります。それを`glb`に変換して`vrma`にリネームします。
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しかし、めんどくさすぎてそんなことはやってられませんので、[UniVRM](https://github.com/vrm-c/UniVRM/releases)を使用すると良いでしょう。
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- docs : https://github.com/malaybaku/AnimationClipToVrmaSample
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- bvh : [download](https://github.com/BandaiNamcoResearchInc/Bandai-Namco-Research-Motiondataset)
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例えば、最新版の`UniVRM`をinstallして、`AnimationClipToVrmaSample/Assets`をunity(project)にコピーすれば`SampleMotion/Wave.anim`を`.vrma`でexportできます。
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基本的な手順としては、まず`ue5`や`.bvh`から`.fbx`を用意し、それをunityで読み込みます。
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読み込むと`Animation Clip`ができます。これはunity独自のmodel motionのようなものです。まずはfbxの`Animation Type`を`Humanoid`にします。
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2024-04-23 13:28:33 +00:00
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ue5からfbxをexportする際は、animationですべてのチェックを付けましょう。精度が高まります。あと、コリジョンは外しました。
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unityでの操作は以下の通り。
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2024-04-23 13:21:26 +00:00
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- 1. Animation Type : Humanoid
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2024-04-23 13:28:33 +00:00
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- 2. Animation Clip(Unreal Take) -> 右クリック -> VRM -> Convert to VRM Animation -> .vrma
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### [issue] fbxからunityを使ってvrmaを作成するときの罠
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fbxをvrmaにする際に[malaybaku/AnimationClipToVrmaSample](https://github.com/malaybaku/AnimationClipToVrmaSample)を使うんだけど、univrmのvrm 1.0をインストールしないといけない。両方必要なのかもしれない。つまり、インストールするものは以下の3つ。また、AnimationClipToVrmaSampleはwindowsでは動きません。macでのみ動きます。今後は`vrm 1.0`を使っていったほうがいいですね。
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2024-04-23 13:21:26 +00:00
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2024-04-23 13:28:33 +00:00
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- [malaybaku/AnimationClipToVrmaSample](https://github.com/malaybaku/AnimationClipToVrmaSample)
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- [VRM 1.0 Import/Export](https://github.com/vrm-c/UniVRM/releases/download/v0.124.2/VRM-0.124.2_dd50.unitypackage)
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- [VRM 0.x Import/Export](https://github.com/vrm-c/UniVRM/releases/download/v0.124.2/UniVRM-0.124.2_dd50.unitypackage)
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2024-04-23 13:21:26 +00:00
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## sRGBEncoding
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見た目を変えます。
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```js:src/index.ts
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// https://threejs.org/docs/#api/en/constants/Renderer
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const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true, alpha: true});
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renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
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renderer.toneMapping = THREE.ACESFilmicToneMapping;
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renderer.toneMappingExposure = 1.2;
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```
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```js:src/index.ts
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//renderer.outputEncoding = THREE.sRGBEncoding;
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renderer.outputColorSpace = THREE.SRGBColorSpace;
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```
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ref : https://koro-koro.com/threejs-no4/
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## fvp -> glb
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`.fvp`というのは3d-printの拡張子です。
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これはポーズを決めて出力できますが、それをglbに変換することでポーズ付きのglbができます。
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ポーズも`fvp`の出力も`vroid studio`で行います。
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- vroid studio : https://vroid.com/studio
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- fvp -> glb : https://booth.pm/ja/items/2755440
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